How to install Oracle 11gR2 on Ubuntu 14.04?

This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (R2=11.2) (64-bit) on Oracle Ubuntu (64-bit).

Step 1: Download Oracle Database Express Edition.

Step 2: Instructions before install Oracle

Copy the downloaded file and paste it in home directory.

Unzip using the command:

unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip

Install required packages using the command:

sudo apt-get install alien libaio1 unixodbc

Enter into the Disk1 folder using command:
```
cd Disk1/
```
Convert RPM package format to DEB package format (that is used by Ubuntu) using the command:
```
sudo alien --scripts -d oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
```

Create the required chkconfig script using the command:

sudo pico /sbin/chkconfig

The pico text editor is started and the commands are shown at the bottom of the screen. Now copy and paste the following into the file and save:

#!/bin/bash
# Oracle 11gR2 XE installer chkconfig hack for Ubuntu
file=/etc/init.d/oracle-xe
if [[ ! `tail -n1 $file | grep INIT` ]]; then
    echo >> $file
    echo '### BEGIN INIT INFO' >> $file
    echo '# Provides: OracleXE' >> $file
    echo '# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog' >> $file
    echo '# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog' >> $file
    echo '# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5' >> $file
    echo '# Default-Stop: 0 1 6' >> $file
    echo '# Short-Description: Oracle 11g Express Edition' >> $file
    echo '### END INIT INFO' >> $file
fi
update-rc.d oracle-xe defaults 80 01

Change the permission of the chkconfig file using the command:
```
sudo chmod 755 /sbin/chkconfig  
```
Set kernel parameters. Oracle 11gR2 XE requires additional kernel parameters which you need to set using the command:
```
sudo pico /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf
```

Copy the following into the file and save:

# Oracle 11g XE kernel parameters 
fs.file-max=6815744  
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65000  
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128 
kernel.shmmax=536870912

Verify the change using the command:
```
sudo cat /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf 
```
You should see what you entered earlier. Now load the kernel parameters:
```
sudo service procps start
```
Verify the new parameters are loaded using:
```
sudo sysctl -q fs.file-max
```
You should see the file-max value that you entered earlier.
Set up /dev/shm mount point for Oracle. Create the following file using the command:
```
sudo pico /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load
```

Copy the following into the file and save.

#!/bin/sh
case "$1" in
start)
    mkdir /var/lock/subsys 2>/dev/null
    touch /var/lock/subsys/listener
    rm /dev/shm 2>/dev/null
    mkdir /dev/shm 2>/dev/null
*)
    echo error
    exit 1
    ;;

esac

Change the permissions of the file using the command:
```
sudo chmod 755 /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load
```

Now execute the following commands:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk 
sudo mkdir /var/lock/subsys 
sudo touch /var/lock/subsys/listener

Now, Reboot Your System

Step 3: Install Oracle

Install the oracle DBMS using the command:

sudo dpkg --install oracle-xe_11.2.0-2_amd64.deb

Configure Oracle using the command:
```
sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure 
```
Setup environment variables by editting your .bashrc file:
```
pico ~/.bashrc
```

Add the following lines to the end of the file:

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe
export ORACLE_SID=XE
export NLS_LANG=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/nls_lang.sh`
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Load the changes by executing your profile:
```
. ~/.profile
```
Start the Oracle 11gR2 XE:
```
sudo service oracle-xe start
```
Add user YOURUSERNAME to group dba using the command:
```
sudo usermod -a -G dba YOURUSERNAME
```

Step 4: Using the Oracle XE Command Shell

Start the Oracle XE 11gR2 server using the command:
```
sudo service oracle-xe start
```
Start command line shell as the system admin using the command:
```
sqlplus sys as sysdba
```
Enter the password that you gave while configuring Oracle earlier. You will now be placed in a SQL environment that only understands SQL commands.
Create a regular user account in Oracle using the SQL command:
```
create user USERNAME identified by PASSWORD;
```
Replace USERNAME and PASSWORD with the username and password of your choice. Please remember this username and password. If you had error executing the above with a message about resetlogs, then execute the following SQL command and try again:
```
alter database open resetlogs;
```
Grant privileges to the user account using the SQL command:
```
grant connect, resource to USERNAME;
```
Replace USERNAME and PASSWORD with the username and password of your choice. Please remember this username and password.
Exit the sys admin shell using the SQL command:
```
exit;
```
Start the commandline shell as a regular user using the command:
```
sqlplus
```
Now, you can run sql commands.

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